| Crisis: Behind a Presidential Commitment | |
|---|---|
| Directed by | Robert Drew |
| Produced by | Robert Drew Gregory Shuker |
| Starring | John F. Kennedy George Wallace Robert F. Kennedy Vivian Malone James Hood Nicholas Katzenbach |
| Cinematography | Gregory Shuker |
| Studio | ABC News Drew Associates |
| Release date(s) | October 21, 1963 |
| Running time | 52 min. |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
Crisis: Behind a Presidential Commitment is a 1963 cinéma vérité documentary film directed by Robert Drew. The film centers on the University of Alabama integration crisis of June 1963. Drew and the other filmmakers, such as D. A. Pennebaker and Richard Leacock, were given access to all the key areas, including John F. Kennedy's Oval Office in the White House and the homes of Robert F. Kennedy and George Wallace. The film first aired on ABC four months after the incident.[1] In 2011, it was added to the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress.
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During a two-day period before and after the University of Alabama integration crisis, the film uses four camera crews to follow President John F. Kennedy, attorney general Robert F. Kennedy, Alabama governor George Wallace, deputy attorney general Nicholas Katzenbach and the students Vivian Malone and James Hood. As Wallace has promised to personally block the two black students from enrolling in the university, the JFK administration discusses the best way to react to it, without rousing the crowd or making Wallace a martyr for the segregationist cause.
They come up with a plan to quickly federalize the Alabama National Guard and return later the same day, if Wallace indeed refuses to step out of the way despite the court order. The plan works; Wallace steps aside under orders from General Henry V. Graham, but is given the chance to save face and leave before the students enter the building. President Kennedy later gives a speech on equality on national television, and a third black student, Dave McGlathery, enrolls without incident.
Although opinions on Crisis: Behind a Presidential Commitment were sharply divided after the October 1963 broadcast,[2] it is now considered among the landmark films of cinéma vérité, or direct cinema.[3] Peter von Bagh rated it ahead of Drew's earlier work Primary, considering it the most touching and intimate portrait of the Kennedy brothers on film.[3] Fred Kaplan wrote on The New York Times that "though we now know the story’s ending — the students were finally let in — the suspense is gripping." He dubbed it "the first movie that Barack Obama should watch in the White House screening room."[1]
In December 2011, the film was selected for inclusion in the Library of Congress' National Film Registry.[4] The Registry said that Crisis "has proven to be a uniquely revealing complement to written histories of the period, providing viewers the rare opportunity to witness historical events from an insider’s perspective."[4]